Working principle of ultrasonic cutting machine

1 Overview

The principle of ultrasonic cutting machine is completely different from traditional cutting. It uses ultrasonic energy to locally heat and melt the material to be cut, so as to achieve the purpose of cutting the material. Therefore, ultrasonic cutting does not require a sharp edge, nor does it require a lot of pressure, and will not cause the edge of the material to be cut to collapse or be damaged. At the same time, due to the ultrasonic vibration of the cutter, the friction resistance is very small, and the material being cut is not easy to stick to the blade. Especially suitable for cutting viscous and elastic materials, frozen materials, such as food, rubber, etc., or objects that are inconvenient to pressurize. Ultrasonic cutting also has a great advantage, that is, it has a fusion effect at the cutting position during cutting. The edge of the cutting part is completely sealed to prevent the structure of the material being cut from loosening (such as the flashing of textile materials). The scope of use of ultrasonic cutting machines can also be expanded, such as digging holes, shoveling, scraping paint, carving, and cutting.

2. Basic structure and characteristics

Ultrasonic cutting machine is a device that uses wave energy to cut. Its characteristic is that it does not require sharpness. Or, instead of traditional blades. The traditional cutting method is to press in the material to be cut with a sharp-edged knife. The pressure is concentrated on the cutting edge, and the pressure is very high, exceeding the shear strength of the material being cut. The molecular bonds of the material are pulled apart and severed. Since the material is difficult to be pulled apart under strong pressure, the cutting edge of the tool should be very sharp, and the material itself should withstand greater pressure. For soft and elastic materials, the cutting effect is not good, and for sticky materials, it is more difficult to cut. The basic structure is ultrasonic transducer, horn, cutter (cutter head), and driving power supply. The ultrasonic driving power supply converts the power into a high-frequency and high-voltage alternating current and transmits it to the ultrasonic transducer. The ultrasonic transducer is actually equivalent to an energy converter, which can convert the input electrical energy into mechanical energy, namely ultrasonic waves. Its performance is that the transducer moves back and forth longitudinally. The frequency of the telescopic movement is equal to the frequency of the high frequency AC current provided by the driving power supply. The function of the horn is to fix the entire ultrasonic vibration system and amplify the output amplitude of the transducer. On the one hand, the tool (cutter head) further amplifies the amplitude and focuses the ultrasound. On the other hand, the similar cutting edge of the tool is used to input ultrasonic energy into the cutting part of the material. Under the action of huge ultrasonic energy, the part instantly softens and melts, and its strength is greatly reduced. At this time, as long as a small cutting force is applied, the purpose of cutting the material can be achieved. Similar to conventional cutting, the basic components required are a cutting machine and anvil. The ultrasonic cutting machine also has two basic structures. According to the location of ultrasonic, it can be divided into ultrasonic cutting machine and ultrasonic cutting board cutting machine. The ultrasonic cutting machine loads the ultrasonic energy directly into the cutting machine, making it a cutting machine with ultrasonic waves. When cutting materials, the materials are mainly softened and melted by ultrasonic energy. The cutting edge of the cutting machine is only used to locate the cutting seam, output ultrasonic energy and separate materials. This cutting method is suitable for cutting thick, thick and long materials that are inconvenient to set anvils. Ultrasonic cutting machine is suitable for: raw rubber cutting, pipe cutting, frozen meat, candy, chocolate cutting, printed circuit board, industry, jewelry industry, plastic product processing, food processing, printing industry, automobile industry, natural fiber segmentation (fine circuit) ,, synthetic fiber deep excavation (multi-layer circuit cutting), plastic shell processing, thin synthetic resin containing paint (suitable for large-area use), all kinds of paper and backing film origin (China) or handheld cutting machine, etc.